ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МОРФОЛОГІЇ НАДНИРКОВОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ КУРЕЙ

Abstract

Knowledge of the laws of development, structure and functions of the adrenal glands of birds is an urgent problem of veterinary medicine. Its solution is practical importance for assessing the morpho-functional state of birds of a certain species and age, which is important for the scientific justification of technologies for growing them and studying the mechanisms of development of adrenal diseases. The aim of the work was to study the features of the adrenal morphology of cross-Hysex brown chickens at the age of 210 days using anatomical, histological, morphometric and statistical methods. It is established that the adrenal glands of chickens are paired parenchymal organs that have a pale yellow color, a loose consistency, a rounded (right adrenal gland) or pyramidal (left adrenal gland) shape. The right and left adrenal glands are located on the ventral surface of the cranial lobe, respectively, of the right and left kidneys, just before the bifurcation of the caudal vena cava. The outside of the adrenal glands of chickens is covered with a capsule with a thickness of 20.12±1.41 microns. It is formed by loose fibrous connective tissue, in which blood vessels and congestion sells of nervous system are registered. The adrenal parenchyma of chickens is represented by interrenal and suprarenal tissues, whose cells form strands intertwining with each other. Places between the visible layer of loose fibrous binder with sinusoidal capillars and venous sinus. On a sagittal section of the adrenal glands of chickens, you can distinguish the peripheral and сentral zones. The relative area of the suprarenal tissue, and sinusoid capillars with venous sinus of central zone (47.86±2.83 and 4.05±0.12 %, respectively), as compared to those with peripheral zone (of 27.02±2.64 and 1.12±0.47 %, respectively), more (P<0.001) 1.77 and 3.62 times, respectively, and the relative area of interregnal tissue, on the contrary, less (P<0.001) is 1.49 times (48.09±2.03 against 71.87±3.62 %). To study the intensity of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the adrenal glands of chickens, it is planned to conduct his to chemical studies to identify and localize basic and acidic proteins, glycogen, neutral glycol proteins, and total lipids.