ВЛИЯНИЕ АГРОМЕТЕОРОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЙ НА СОРНЫЙ КОМПОНЕНТ В АГРОЦЕНОЗЕ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В ПРЕДГОРНОЙ ЗОНЕ РСО – АЛАНИЯ

Abstract

Weeds are an ecological group of plants that has developed as a result of their growth together with cultivated plants in the process of continuous struggle with them. In order to successfully fight weeds, it is necessary to know their biological characteristics, classification, distribution and reproduction of weeds. The number of weeds does not always reflect the degree of their harmfulness, since it is largely determined by the power of development of the above-ground mass of weeds. Different types of weeds react differently to changes in the level of fertilizer, the method of basic tillage, the structure of crops and the rotation of crops in crop rotation. The advantage is given to those species for which all these changes are favorable and contribute to their growth, development and distribution in phytocenoses. In addition to them, weed species that have endurance and resistance to adverse environmental factors survive and maintain their population density. According to many scientists, the mass and number of weeds reflect different aspects of relationships in the community. The number shows the interaction in the surface layer of the soil, at a low altitude, as well as in the initial phases of development, and the mass of the weed component characterizes the coenotic relationships in the middle and upper tiers at later stages of development. The purpose of our research was the influence of agrometeorological conditions on the species composition, abundance, dry biomass and the ratio of biological and ecological groups of weeds in the winter wheat agrocenosis. Our research was carried out in 2017–2021. on the experimental experimental field of the SKNIIGPSh VSC RAS in the forest-steppe zone of the North Ossetia - Alania. The object of research was winter wheat variety Trio. The plot area is 100 m², repeated three times. This crop was part of a five-field soil-protective crop rotation. We have found that in the forest-steppe zone of North Ossetia - Alania, agrometeorological conditions largely affect the species composition, abundance and biomass of harmful weeds.