ВЛИЯНИЕ СИЛЫ РОСТА ПОДВОЕВ НА РАЗВИТИЕ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ЯБЛОНИ ПРИ ПАЛЬМЕТТНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ ВЫРАЩИВАНИЯ

Abstract

The scientific article presents the results of a study on the influence of seed and vegetatively propagated, different in strength, growths of apple rootstocks on the nature of the development of the habitat of the aerial part and generative shoots of shoots in the crown of grafted plants. In the study, four types of low-growing vegetatively propagated and one seed stock of the Sivers apple tree, as well as regionalized varieties of the apple tree, were used as the object of the study of the rootstocks. The results of the study showed that the power of rootstocks growth has a significant impact not only on the parameters of the overall development of the aerial part of grafted varietal plants, but also on the character of the generative shoots formed in the crown, the thickness of the assimilation surface of the leaves formed, the time of plant entry into fruiting, overall productivity, size and a lot of fruits. In particular, at the age of three, the tallest varieties, as expected, turned out to be 2.7-2.8 meters grafted on the seed stock of the Sievers apple tree. The trees grown on the MIX rootstock were limited in growth - 1.9-2.2 meters. Intermediate position was occupied by varieties grafting on dusen MXII - 2.4 2.5 meters. In the development of bole the best development at the age of three, the plants grafted on the rootstock dusen MII and MIV - 3.9-5.0 cm/tree. Of the studied rootstocks and varieties of apple trees, the early deliberation of the variety was Golden Deliciously grafted on the MIX stock, which in the third year after planting provided a yield of 7.0 t/ha. The lowest yield for the years of research on this variety was obtained using seedlings of the seed stock of the Sievers apple tree.