ПСИХІЧНЕ ТА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНЕ ЗДОРОВ’Я ОСОБИСТОСТІ: ПОНЯТТЯ, ЗМІСТ ТА КРИТЕРІЇ

Abstract

Introduction. Under the current conditions, the urgency of the problem of health is determined by the realities of life. Health is the most important value of human life, which remains relevant throughout human existence. The results of recent studies suggest an increase in stress on the nervous system and the human psyche. Rapid scientific and technological progress, a huge stream of information, acceleration of the rhythm of life, negative dynamics of interpersonal relationships and other pathogenic features of modern life lead to the formation of emotional stress, which is one of the main factors of development of various diseases of neuropsychiatric and psychosomatic pathology.Purpose. The aim of the study is to analyze the scientific and practical and theoretical developments on the problem of mental and psychological health of the individual, his concept, criteria and factors of influence.Results. In the modern world, the problem of mental and psychological health of an individual acquires an interdisciplinary character. The society faces a number of important tasks regarding the formation of the mental and psychological health of the individual at different age stages, taking into account the various conditions of her life and livelihoods. For quite a long time the concept of psychological health served as the basic category of mental health, since the experience of psychopathology was used in relation to the psyche of a healthy person. However, later began to separate the spheres of mental and psychological health.If you compile a generalized "portrait" of a psychologically healthy person, then you can get the following. Psychologically healthy person - this is first and foremost a person spontaneous and creative, cheerful and cheerful, open, who knows himself and the world not only the mind, but also feelings, intuition. She fully accepts herself and recognizes the value and uniqueness of the people around her. Such a person entrusts responsibility for his life primarily to himself and makes conclusions from negative experience. Her life is full of meaning, although it does not always formulate it for herself. It is in constant development and, of course, contributes to the development of other people. Her life path may not be quite easy, and sometimes quite difficult, but she perfectly adapts.The mental health of young people depends on a number of factors that can be negatively affected. These include: negative stress situations, inability to maintain adequate relationships with others, conflicts, lack of rest, social and living conditions, financial situation, external stimuli (noise, etc.). Preserving mental health is incompatible with the use of any psychoactive substance. Nicotine addiction is the most common psychiatric disorder that does not help relieve stress, but, on the contrary, increases its level, and it contributes to the development of severe mental disorders. And since psychological health is definitely related to mental health, since the latter creates a basis for psychological health, one should pay attention to those factors that adversely affect a person and be able to calmly approach the resolution of adverse situations for the sake of preservation mental and psychological health of a person.Originality. Thus, the synthesis of scientific literature allows us to assert that "psychological health" refers to the individual as a whole, is in close connection with the higher manifestations of the human spirit, and mental health as a state of complete mental activity of a person that provides the ability to adapt both to favorable and unfavorable conditions and influences.Conclusion. Summing up, we can say that on the one hand, psychological health is definitely related to mental health, since the latter creates a basis for psychological health. On the other hand, the notion of "psychological health" and "mental health" should be delimited, as each of them has its own content, criteria, conditions and mechanisms for their formation.