ГИС-анализ региональных особенностей воспроизводства населения Калужской области

Abstract

Since the 1990s with the increase in the role of migration in the formation of the population in the post-Soviet space in the Kaluga region, as in other regions of Russia, the tendencies of population reproduction and its regional features have changed somewhat. There are many ways to analyze demographic processes. The advantage of the cartographic method is in the visual display of the characteristics of the objects of the territory in terms of space and time. With the use of geoinformation technologies, geographic information systems (GIS), in particular, it is worth talking about the improvement of the cartographic method and the formation of the geoinformation method in geography, new or previous methods and methods of cartography have appeared or have been updated, the study of demographic processes for the user of geoinformation systems proceeds more efficiently and quickly. In research were used descriptive-analytical, comparative, cartographic, geoinformation, centrographic methods. GIS analysis was carried out on the basis of the free cross-platform geographic information system QGIS (Quantum GIS). A unified technique for GIS analysis of the region’s demographic processes is being developed on the basis of methods and techniques of geoinformation modeling and mapping. For visualization and subsequent creation of maps, a number of methods and methods are used, including: typological, method of cartographic anamorphic images, method of qualitative and quantitative background, methods of areas, cartodiagrams, ranges of values, method of movement of arrows, etc. For geomodeling of the population reproduction in the Kaluga region, we have chosen 1989–2020. as covering the main trends of population reproduction in the post-Soviet period. As a result, we examined the demographic processes of the Kaluga region, namely, the regional features of the process of population reproduction in the region in the post-Soviet period and the role of migration as a factor in the formation of the population at this stage, the change in the settlement system within the region. The geodatabase “Demographic indicators of population reproduction in the Kaluga region” created for the analysis of regional features of the transformation of population reproduction, formed on the basis of custom sets of layers of spatial and semantic data of the districts of the Kaluga region, and built cartographic models.