ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ЛУЗГИ ПОДСОЛНЕЧНИКА В УГОЛЬНЫЕ БРИКЕТЫ ВЫСОКОЙ ПРОЧНОСТИ

Abstract

An urgent problem of the modern agro-industrial complex is the low efficiency of the use of secondary raw materials. On the basis of Rosstat data, in 2018 almost 13 million tons of sunflower seeds were collected in the country, which led to the accumulation of up to 1.8-3.2 million tons of husk, which is the ballast component of the technology for producing sunflower oil. Oil refineries continuously bear the costs of storage, safety, and the removal and disposal of such waste in landfills. Sunflower husk has a high calorific value, so thermochemical processing methods allow for the integrated processing of unclaimed raw materials of plant origin with moderate capital costs in energy and various chemical products. An experimental laboratory setup for conductive pyrolysis of plant materials has been developed to produce high-strength coal briquettes. The advantages of conductive heat feed pyrolysis reactors are simplicity of design and ease of maintenance. The results of a pilot study of the conductive pyrolysis process of sunflower husk showed that the obtained coal briquettes have a low ash content (6.2%), their maximum yield (29%) was achieved at a pressing pressure of 25 kg/cm2, and the maximum density of the samples was 1139 kg/cm3 (pressing pressure 153 kg/cm2). It was found that an increase in pressing pressure from 20 to 150 kg/cm2leads to an increase in the density of coal briquettes by 16%, and the maximum value of compression pressure is 566 kg/cm2. Also, at a compaction pressure of more than 50 kg/cm2, the impact resistance index during discharge reaches 100%. The developed technology provides a large mass yield of coal briquettes with high quality characteristics, which indicates the promise of utilizing sunflower husk by conductive pyrolysis in the fuel feed for the metallurgical industry.