生计方式对农户生活能源消费模式的影响——以甘南高原为例

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 生计方式对农户生活能源消费模式的影响——以甘南高原为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201310142469 作者: 作者单位: 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41361106); 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NECT-11-0910); 甘肃省高校基本科研业务费项目. The impact of livelihood strategy on the farmer's living energy consumption pattern: a case of Gannan Plateau Author: Affiliation: College of Geography and Environment Science,North-west Normal University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生计方式变迁对农户的生活能源消费模式产生深远影响,从而给农村能源与环境问题带来新的挑战。以地处青藏高原东缘的甘南高原为研究区,基于农户调查资料,采用STIRPAT模型与二元logistic模型分析了生计方式对农户的生活能源消费量及生活能源消费模式选择的影响。结果发现:(1)随着非农化水平的提高,甘南高原农户的生活能源消费量显著下降,但它引起的生活能源消费量下降速度低于其自身的变化速度;此外,家庭规模扩大、收入提高将使农户的生活能源消费量增加;(2)生计方式对农户能源消费模式选择的影响远高于其他因素,随着非农化水平的提高,农户选择以商品性能源为主消费模式的概率将增大,收入增加、受教育程度提高及商品性能源的可得性改善亦会如此,但生物质能源的可得性增强会降低农户选择以商品性能源为主消费模式的概率。最后,提出了优化农户生活能源消费模式的建议。 Abstract:Energy and environmental problem have been the focused issues at present. Being short of livelihood capital, no-commercial energy like firewood and animal manure is the basic livelihood asset on which the rural households rely in poverty-stricken and eco-frangible region. However, unreasonable energy utilization behavior is the most important and direct factor to increase ecological degradation in the eco-fragile area, such as over-harvesting firewood. Now we are in need to discern the impact of key factors on the farmer's energy utilization behavior in order to find the measures to solve the rural energy and environment problems. As the major economic active agent and the most basic decision-making unit, the farmer's livelihood strategies will decide their utilization pattern and efficiency of nature resource. Obviously, the livelihood strategy transition would have far-reaching impact on the pattern of rural household energy consumption, that will bring the new challenge to the energy and environment problem in the rural area. Therefore, we should pay close attention to the impact of livelihood strategy transition on the farmer's energy consumption pattern. We investigate the rural energy consumption characteristics by 217 questionnaires in Ganan plateau. The farmers are divided into three types: the farmer household, the household with combined occupation and the off farming household. Based on the survey data, we use STRIPAT model to analyze the impact of livelihood strategy on the farmer's living energy consumption, and use binary logistic model to analyze the impact of livelihood strategy on the farmer's living energy consumption pattern selection. The results show: (1) With the non-agricultural level improving, the farmer's household energy consumption in Gannan plateau will decline. Among these types of farmers, the energy consumption of the farmer household is 738.08 kgce, but that of the household with combined occupation and the off farming household is 368.34 kgce and 260.49 kgce respectively. Furthermore, following the non-agricultural level increasing, the proportion of biomass energy consumption will reduce, but that of commercial energy consumption proportion will increase. Among these types of farmers, the proportion of biomass energy consumption of the farmer household is 90.11%, but that of the household with combined occupation and the off farming household is 72.18% and 51.59% respectively. However, with household scale expanding, income and per livestock number increasing, the farmer's household energy consumption in Gannan plateau will increase; (2) Non-agricultural level is the most important factor of influencing the living energy consumption pattern, its wald statistics is 14.122. With non-agricultural level improving, the probability of selecting the commodity-energy-based consumption pattern will increase. Moreover, with the farmer's income increasing, education level rising and availability of commodity energy improving, the probability of selecting the commodity-energy-based consumption pattern will increase. However, with availability of biomass energy improving, the probability of selecting the commodity-energy-based consumption pattern will decline. Finally, we provide the measures of optimizing the farmer's living energy consumption pattern, which include developing the non-agricultural industry to promote the farmer's livelihood transition and improve the farmer's consumption ability of commodity energy, improving the infrastructure or perfect energy supply system to reduce the utilization cost of commodity energy, enhancing the farmer' s energy-saving awareness and changing the farmers' living energy consumption idea, and so forth. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献