나말여초 경산부(京山府)의 설치와 동향

Abstract

This paper examines the change in the perception of Seongsan(星山) during the Goryeo Dynasty, the timing of and background behind the establishment of Gyeongsanbu(京山府), and the conflicts between Goryeo and Hubaekje over the Gyeongsanbu area in the Late Silla and Early Goryeo Era. Seongsan-Gaya(星山伽耶) had been known to be located in Gari-Hyeon until the Mid-Goryeo Period, but in the Late Goryeo Period, people began perceiving it as being located in Gyeongsan, and therefore Gyeongsan, Seongsan, and Byeokjin(碧珍) were widely used as the names of the same place. After departing from the Daeya Castle(Hapcheon, Gyeongsangnam-Do) in July 924, the Hubaekje army killed Yangmun(良文), who was active in Sinan-Hyeon(Seongju-Eup, Seongju-Gun) at that time, and attacked the Jomul Castle(Yecheon-Eup, YecheonGun, Gyeongsangbuk-Do). Lee Chong-Eon(李悤言) had held and defended the Byeokjin Castle(present-day Dokyong Mountain Castle) located in Dosan-Hyeon of Silla calling himself a Byeokjin Castle General(碧珍城將軍), but when in 925 King Taejo of Goryeo asked for his assistance after recognizing a need to hold the Hubaekje army in check in the Mid-Nakdong River region, he defected to Goryeo. In response, King Taejo established Gyeongsanbu by combining Dosan-Hyeon and Sinan-Hyeon, and conferred Lee Chong-Eon with the title “Gyeongsanbu General(京山府將軍).” In the first half of 927, Silla occupied the Middle and Upper reaches of the Nakdong River, including the Gyeongsanbu area, attacked the Daeya Castle in July, and took full control of the Nakdong River waterway around August. After winning the Gongsan Battle(公山戰鬪) in the second half of 927, the Hubaekje army departed from Daegu and invaded Daemok-Gun(Yakmok-Myeon, Chilgok-Gun) and Gyeongsanbu area several times. In addition, around January 928, Hubaekje reclaimed the Daeya Castle and started sending troops from there. The troops passed through the Gyeongsanbu area to attack Daemok-Gun, crossed the Nakdong River, and occupied the Bugok Castle(Bugye-Myeon, Gunwi-Gun). It seems that Goryeo defeated the Hubaekje army and occupied the Middle and Upper reaches of the Nakdong River region including the Gyeongsanbu area in the Gochang Battle(古昌戰鬪) in January 930. It is understood that Lee Chong-Eon was introduced in the biographies of the Goryeosa because he defended the Byeokjin Castle until his death at the age of 81 in 938 and contributed to Goryeo’s ultimately winning the competition against Hubaekje by deterring the Hubaekje’s advance to the Upper and Middle Nakdong River area.