Abstract
The article presents the results of the primary processing of heavy crude oil in the presence of coal and a supercritical aqueous fluid, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the content of sulfur and resinous-asphaltene substances in its composition, and to increase the amount of light fuel fractions. The work revealed the distinсtive features of the change in the composition and properties of liquid products of the conversion of crude oil in a hydrothermal fluid at a temperature of 420 ° C, as well as in the presence of activated coal at a process temperature of 375 ° C and a similar pressure. The possibility of reducing the conversion temperature of crude oil due to the presence of active coal in the reaction medium is shown. It has been established that the formation of light fractions in the transformed heavy crude oil in a hydrothermal fluid in the presence of active coal occurs due to the destruction of resinous-asphaltene components. The developed technology is aimed at environmentally safe and residue-free processing of heavy hydrocarbon resources to obtain high-quality raw materials enriched with fuel fractions.
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