우크라이나 분리·독립주의 정치사상의 기원과 발전

Abstract

This article aims to examine the origins, developments, and influences of the political thoughts of separatism and independence in Ukraine. Although the Ukrainian independence in 1991 was suddenly realized without preparation, Ukrainian people’s demand for independence had already begun in the 17th century during the Cossack era. The “First Constitution,” produced by Pylyp Orlyk, a Hetman of Cossacks in 1710, was the first constitution enacted not only in Ukraine but also in Europe. Although this constitution does not refer to a completely separate and independent Ukraine, it asserts the autonomy of Ukraine and proposes the establishment of a democratic political community of the Ukrainian people free from Poland and Russia.<BR> At the beginning of the 19th century, a series of intellectuals influenced by Romanticism, namely Taras Shevchenko, Mykola Kostomarov, Panteleimon Kulish, etc. organized the Cyril and Methodius Brotherhood, which contributed to the establishment of the concept of Ukrainian nation and nationalism. They proved the difference between Russian and Ukrainian nationalities and argued that Ukraine should be a center within the Slavic Federation.<BR> In the mid-to-late 19th century, Volodymyr Antonovych and many other Ukrainian intellectuals called themselves