구강미생물에 대한 강향(降香) 추출물의 항균 효과

Abstract

Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum has long been used to treat for dissipating blood stasis, regulating blood flow, and relieving pain as traditional herbal medicine. In this study, the extracts of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and nerolidol, a major volatile oil of Dalbergia odorifera, were evaluated for antibacterial activity against four common oral bacteria. Hot-water extract of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum (DOW), 70% ethanol extract of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum (DOE), and nerolidol were tested for the growth inhibition against Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces viscosus, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguis by broth microdilution assay in brain heart infusion (BHI)-broth and by dot-blot assay in BHI-agar, used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), respectively. The activity of Glucosyltransferase (GTase) from S. mutans was determined with glucan formation. To confirm the safety of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum, DOW was tested the acute toxicity by administering orally to ICR mice. In the present study, DOW, DOE, and nerolidol showed significant antibacterial activities at high concentrations against the four types of pathogenic oral bacteria, especially showed strong antibacterial activities at S. mutans in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, DOW and DOE decreased the synthesis of water-insoluble glucans by inhibiting the GTase activity, while nerolidol did not work. Further, DOW determined the LD50 values over 5,000 mg/kg in mice and proved DOW’s safety. These results suggest that Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum, including DOW and DOE, and nerolidol proven antibacterial activities may be useful for treating dental diseases.