Принципы включения данных об экологическом состоянии природно-исторических парков мегаполисов в атласную информационную систему (на примере парка «Москворецкий»)

Abstract

Within the framework of this research, the task of developing the principles of creating an atlas information system (AIS) for assessing the ecological state of specially protected natural areas of the Moscow metropolis was carried out. The research was carried out on the example of the Moskvoretsky park, the largest and most integrated natural-historical park in Moscow, located in the North-West and West administrative districts of the capital. Such parks have environmental, historical, cultural, educational and recreational significance as natural complexes and monuments of national history and culture that are especially valuable for the city. A general scheme for organizing data in the atlas information system about the protected areas of Moscow and specifically about the Moskvoretsky natural-historical park has been developed. All the various data are hierarchically linked. To obtain concentrated information, data from various sources were used and interconnected. The landscape and ecological structure of the Moskvoretsky park is considered. The historical and geographical processes that formed the appearance of the cultural landscapes of the natural-historical park—urbanization, hydrotechnical transformations, the construction of sports facilities, landscaping—are revealed. A map of the Moskvoretsky рark with all the protected areas that are part of its structure, other noteworthy objects, infrastructure, green areas was compiled. The role of this map is assumed as the basis for the further creation of an atlas information system and filling it with various data. A table for individual protected areas that are part of the structure of the Moskvoretsky рark, their types and main characteristics, features of natural and cultural heritage, cultural landscape, environmental problems, and conflicts of nature use are given has been compiled. The main environmental problem of the park is the expansion of urban construction, alienating the territory from the field of nature conservation. Prospects for the creation of AIS are associated with monitoring and solving environmental and cultural problems of a part of the metropolis that is part of the natural-historical park.