Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is generally classified into the following histologic types: tubular, cribriform, and solid. Numerous authors have attempted to correlate the histological characteristics of these tumors with their biological behavior.I retrospectively compared the image cytometric and immunohistochemical characteristics of formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens obtaired from 24 cases. The specimens were also classified according to the histological grading system proposed by Szanto et al., the predominant pattern, and the presence or abscence of solid components. The nuclear DNA content of ACC on image cytometric analysis and the immunohistochemical characteristics of p53 protein and WAF 1 protein were studied as compared with clinicopathological findings. The following results were obtained:1) No correlation was found between the histological classification and clinicopathological findings. However, most patients with tumors characterized by solid components died of cancer-related causes.2) Tumors with a solid histological pattern and those with distant metastasis were more often associated with DNA aneuploidy, and these tumors had elevated levels of mean DNA index and %-over 4 c.3) No correlation was found between histological classification and p53 or WAF 1 protein expression. Lymph node metastasis was present in seven carcinomas, none of which expressed WAF 1 protein.4) Aneuploid carcinomas were related to p53 protein immunoreactivity. There were no relationship between DNA ploidy pattern and WAF 1 protein expression.5) There was a strong correlation between p53 and WAF 1 protein expression and most tumors that expressed p53 protein did not express WAF 1 protein.These results suggest that WAF 1 protein expression and image cytometric DNA analysis may be a useful index for assessing the malignant behavior of ACC. Although aneuploid tumors were associated with a solid histological pattern, there was no correlation between histological classification and p53 or WAF 1 protein expression.
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