КООРДИНАТНИЙ МЕТОД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ШЛЯХОВОЇ ШВИДКОСТІ СУДНА ПО ВЕКТОРАМ ТА ПЕРЕМІЩЕННЯМ ВІДНОСНОЇ ТА ПЕРЕНОСНОЇ ШВИДКОСТЕЙ

Abstract

During the movement of the vessel along the route there is a problem of observation of natural and man-made obstacles, which is solved by modernizing the management using enavigation. Intensification of the movement process is provided by increasing the number and frequency of observations according to static criteria. In this case, the methods of graphical and analytical calculation of the path are the basis of navigation, forcing a return to the local criterion, which reflects the full physical nature of the process. The calculation of the vessel's path on the route is carried out according to the rule of the polygon, the sides of which are the vectors of the speed of the path, the vessel and perturbations (wind, waves, current). The main problem is the accuracy of determining the magnitude of the perturbation vector. The inaccuracy of the definition leads to the extension of the vessel's path, which contributes to energy and financial losses for transport support and maintenance of the vessel. The aim of the study is to create a reliable, fast and accurate (innovative) way to determine the characteristics of rectilinear gradual uniform motion of the vessel, which features three speed vectors: perturbation, relative and absolute velocities. The object of study was the process of ship movement, and the subject - the elements (parameters) of movement. The article determines the forecast parameters with a minimum of a priori information at the beginning of the vessel: the sequence of determining the angles of the speed triangle is determined, the sides (modules) of the speed triangle are determined, the order of determining the coordinates of the vertices of the velocity triangle is established. This allows to solve more complex problems of graph-analytical and mechatronic calculus and observation of translational and rotational motion of the vessel along the route and to improve control to reduce risk on the course of disturbances in "big" real time, with variable intervals of observations, approaching invariant and robust control. The advantage of the coordinate method is to solve the problem of determining the parameters of vectors by methods of analytical geometry more accurate, proven and simple in comparison with empirical dependencies, as well as geometric constructions