Стратегическое планирование экономического развития депрессивных регионов России

Abstract

The article discusses issues of identification and typologization of depressed regions, as well as methodological foundations for planning the strategic development of these territories. It is indicated that the social and economic development of the state largely depends on the degree of equalization of the economic development of individual regions. In this regard, the task of the federal state policy is to adjust the development of individual territories. It is stated that in order to recognize a region as depressed, it is necessary to have two interrelated, but not always correlating groups of indicators in the regions: a consistently low quality of life and a decline in economic development. Based on the ratings formed by the RIA Rating agency on the quality of life of the population and the social and economic development of territories, there were identified groups of depressed regions: truly depressed (11 regions of Russia); depressed regions that periodically demonstrate an improvement in the social and economic situation (2 regions); depressed regions that periodically demonstrating an improvement in the quality of life (1 region); regions with an average level of depression (4 regions). It is stated that in order to bring depressed regions out of the crisis situation, fundamentally different approaches to strategic development planning are needed in comparison with prosperous regions. Thus, the following parameters should be observed in the strategic plans of the regions: goal of overcoming the depressive state and reducing the negative manifestations of the depressive state of the region; taking into account and expanding external support for the development of the region (federal support and investment); a forced development strategy instead of an inertial one; presence of an anti-crisis component; compliance with the priority of the development of the real sector of the economy. The article describes the characteristics of the "successful" strategy of the depressed region (the Strategy of the Republic of Tyva) and the strategy that requires improvement (the Strategy of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic).