О возможности применения отечественных элиситоров в технологии возделывания винограда в аспекте импортозамещения

Abstract

The article presents the results of research of elisitors infl uence on the resistance of Bianca grapes plants with own roots to infect of leaf and root form of phylloxera, which is the most wide spreading pest in the South of Russia, causing extensive damage to the culture. The aim of the research was to determine the susceptibility of grapes plants to leaf and root form of phylloxera under the effect of elisitors of different nature, and to develop the biotechnological techniques reducing the infect degree of grapes plants by phytopatogen and increasing in grapes harvest. It is established that for decreasing in the harmfulness of leaf forms of phylloxera the Fastak and the composition of preparations of domestic production of Furolan and Methionine are the most effective, three times use of these preparations during the growing season allow you to increase in yield up to 42.9 % and 50 %, respectively. The most biological efficiency of retention of pest settlement on secondary leaves is established when processing by the composition of Furolan + Methionine (62.2 %) and separately by Fastak (79.4 %). When the grapes roots are damaged by root form of phylloxera it is noted the sharp decline in the number of damages under the infl uence of Furolan and Methionine preparations up to 9.5 times. Anatomical and morphological study on root cross section revealed a significantly low degree of tigernuts formation when Furolan or composition of Furolan and Methionin are using. It is established the elisitors positive effect on growth and development of roots in the horizon 0-45 cm, they improve the branch formation and increase in the number of suction roots. It is revealed the most signifi cant physiological and biochemical criterion’s parameters characterizing the grapes resistance to damage of phylloxera root form: lignin content in the roots and chlorogenic acid in the leaves and roots of grapes. It is noted the prolonged action of abiogen elisitors on over-wintering of plants. In general, it is concluded that Furolan, Methionine and their composition as inductors of grapes immunity do not worse than the imported preparation of Fastak, and increase in grapes productivity and improve the quality of grapes harvest.