РЕЖИМ ВЛАЖНОСТИ ПОЧВЫ И ЕГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРИ СОДЕРЖАНИИ ТРАВЯНОГО ПОКРОВА ПОЛЯН И ЛУЖАЕК В ДЕНДРАРИИ

Abstract

Glades and lawns beautify any forest-park area, and therefore, when developing them, it is necessary to take into account the size and configuration, relief, path net-work, placement of shrubs and tree species as well as the quality of the grass cover. In small recreation areas or in arboretums, it is advisable to create lawns, not glades. It should be emphasized that there is practically no infor-mation on the processes of the formation of moisture con-tent regimes in soil profiles under glades or lawns in an arboretum. Therefore, the study of moisture accumulation and movement in the genetic horizons of chernozem is a topical issue. It follows from the analysis of the actual data that in early June 2014there was a significant moistening of the humus horizon of the chernozem under the grass cover. But at the end of the month, the amount of available moisture dropped sharply and continued to decrease in July and August. This caused soil moisture deficit that could only be met by irrigation. The year of 2016 was gen-erally wetter although in May the moisture content in the upper humus horizon was low. The drop of moisture con-tent in chernozem continued until mid-June when available moisture decreased to unsatisfactory values. From the end of June, regular rainfall has dramatically increased the available moisture that remained very good until the end of the growing season. As a result, a significant deficit of available moisture was observed only in late May and early June. In June 2017, the available moisture in the humus-accumulative horizon was satisfactory. But in the illuvial horizon, the moisture reserves were evaluated as good and irrigation was not required. Thus, for the research period only in 2014 it was required to irrigate the chernozem soil profile in the glade under grass cover.