Імпортні операції з товарами: особливості оподаткування та його облікове відображення

Abstract

The article, based on the analysis of views of scholars on the essence of the term of «import operation» and establishing the relationship of its content with the terms of «import activity» and «import», suggests a generalized definition of the term of «import operations with goods» as an aggregate of inter-relational actions, that are carried out by the subject of one country by means of buying (acquiring) commodity and material valuables from a resident of another country with mandatory or optional crossing of the customs border for further use (consumption) of such assets or their marketing. Import operations with goods are part of import activities. On analyzing the current legislative and normative regulations of foreign economic activity, the peculiarities of import operations carried out by entrepreneurial entities in Ukraine were disclosed and some inconsistencies in the accounting display of certain costs related to customs clearance of goods during import together with tax credit for the operations on the import of goods into the customs territory of Ukraine were identified. In order to correctly define the income taxation base for enterprises that carry out import operations with goods, it is proposed to differentiate (with the appropriate guidance, provided in the annex to the regulation on accounting policy) the non-base costs related to customs clearance of imported goods as those included in the original cost of goods under the article «Other expenses», and those related to the costs of certain period. The article proposes particular directions for improving the reflection in the system of double-recording of the tax credit on the operations of the import of goods into the customs territory of Ukraine, which will ensure compliance with the indicators both in the value added tax declaration and on the taxpayer’s personal account, considering their analytical context.