Вплив передпосівної обробки насіння гороху в магнітному полі на посівні якості

Abstract

The application of electrophysical methods of pre-seed treatment of seeds enables to increase the productivity of agricultural crops and the quality of products. The application of this energy and resource-saving technology necessitates the establishment of a mechanism for influencing the magnetic field on seeds and determining the most efficient treatment mode. The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of the magnetic field on the energy of germination and the similarity of the seeds of peas. Processing of seed of agricultural crops in a magnetic field affects the physical and chemical processes occurring in them. Under the influence of a magnetic field, the speed of chemical and biochemical reactions that occur in cells increases, solubility of salts and acids increases, transport of ions increases through a cell membrane, molecules diffusion is accelerated through the cell membrane, oxygen concentration in cells increases. The change in the physical and chemical parameters of the seed under magnetic processing depends on the square of the magnetic induction and the velocity of its movement in a magnetic field. As a result of the magnetic field, the energy of germination and the similarity of the seeds increases, as well as the yield of crops. Due to changes in magnetic induction from 0 to 0.065 T, the energy of germination of pea seeds increases, and with further increase of magnetic induction begins to decrease. It has been established that when the magnetic induction exceeds 0.130 T, then the germination energy varies insignificantly and makes for pea seeds 70 % (in control – 40 %). As a result of changes in magnetic induction from 0 to 0.065 T, the similarity of pea seeds increases, and for further increase in magnetic induction begins to decrease. By magnetic induction, which exceeds 0.130 T, the germination of seeds varies insignificantly and makes up for seeds of peas 80 % (in control – 66 %). It was established that the energy of germination of pea seeds and its similarity have the maximum value at the magnetic induction of 0,065 T and a speed of 0,4 m/s. For this treatment, the energy of germination of peas seeds increased by 54 % and the germination by 30 %.