Abstract

The article discusses direct consequences of hydrogen regeneration mechanisms observed in galaxies when galactic nuclei are active. Previously, these mechanisms have been presented by describing the work of structures that form quasar jets. Based on evaluation of the findings obtained through observation of our Galaxy and intergalactic space, the present article gives direct evidence that the aforementioned processes exist. The adduced evidence is astronomical objects that have come into existence as a result of hydrogen ejected by jets together with plasma and dust. In terms of the Milky Way galaxy, this fact is emphasised by direct astronomical observation of its elements. There are also evidential findings among intergalactic astronomy observational data, whose origin is explained comprehensively in terms of the present approach. However, the provided findings are traditionally regarded from the prevailing Big Bang theory perspective. For instance, according to this theory, huge intergalactic hydrogen clouds are interpreted as residual hydrogen left from the primary explosion. The Milky Way observation results include data indicative of alleged contribution of the given processes to formation of some of its structural elements, including a number of satellite galaxies. There is a criterion whereby it is possible to distinguish galactic gas clouds and star clusters formed of galactic matter itself. This matter containing a great deal of regenerated hydrogen was ejected from a galactic nucleus during the period of its activity. Based on the example of a spiral galaxy, it is assumed that active galactic nuclei are possibly involved in the formation of its morphology. It is concluded that, when being active, a central supermassive object performs its primary function, which is to process waste produced during the life of stars. This process is the final link in the galactic life cycle, which consists of two reciprocal processes. The first one is about hydrogen burning continuously in stars, while the second one is about episodic activity of the galactic nucleus, which results in star waste that contributes to regeneration of hydrogen needed to maintain direct processes within the galaxy. The two specified processes are associated with one more process: stellar electromagnetic radiation energy extended beyond the galaxy partially returns to it. The process is completed due to a fragment of dark matter. The overarching conclusion can be drawn: as a functional system, the Universe is well-organised and self-sufficient to last forever.

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