ВИМОГИ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ ДО ОСВІЧЕНОСТІ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ

Abstract

The requirements of Ukrainian employers to the level of educational (academic) qualification of employees are studied. The data used for the study were collected using the experimental Labor Market Information System (LMIS), developed by the European Education Fund for Ukraine in 2020–2021. The data collected by the System were verified, the study used the average values ​​for the 13-month period. The research revealed the overall compliance of the current educational policy of Ukraine with the needs of the labor market. First of all, the leading role is shown by basic skills and proficiencies (20 %) and the first level of higher education (bachelor's degree) (over 50 %). It is shown that one of the possible reasons for the high demand for basic skills and proficiencies is the low-tech structure of Ukraine's economy. Secondary education (basic and complete secondary) and post-secondary non-tertiary education seem to be somewhat less in demand. This conclusion should stimulate the modernization of secondary and vocational education. The needs for the second level of higher education (master's degree) are seven times less than for the first level. This means that the current public funding of the second level education programs in universities is in excess at least 6 times. The demand of employers for learning outcomes, which are mainly related to educational qualifications, has been studied. For example, it is shown that the knowledge of economics and management is the most in demand. Knowledge of natural sciences and technology is in second place. The third position is occupied by the humanities. The demand for general skills and proficiency has been studied separately. The most popular are language skills, basic computer skills and teamwork skills. Requirements to personal qualities of employees are analyzed, and according to the legislation of Ukraine they can be treated as results of training and components of educational qualifications. Adaptability and flexibility have a rather high rate – this requirement is found for more than 78 % of vacancies. Compared with the requirements for work experience (the greatest demand is for workers with 2–4 years of experience), this indicator demonstrates the dynamics of the labor market. Conclusions show us that a significant part of the requirements for educational qualifications must be met by secondary education.