공공기관의 유형별 효율성 평가와 비효율성 원인의 규명에 관한 연구

Abstract

In recent years, attention to the high debt ratio in public institutions has pushed the government to make efforts in reducing the debt ratio. However, in order to stimulate the economy, the government needs drastically innovative measures that reduce debt by improving efficiency rather than moderate approaches that focus solely on debt reduction. Despite this need, no study has yet systematically analyzed the overall efficiency of domestic public institutions and identified the source of inefficiencies in each public entity. Therefore, largely two research questions are examined. First, this study compares the efficiency levels by types of public institutions. Second, this study identifies the cause of inefficiencies in each public institution and proposes directions for improving efficiency. Based on a 5-year data of 302 public institutions published in public business information systems and organizational websites from 2009 to 2013, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was performed. The input variables include the number of employees and total costs while the output variables include sales and net income. Reflecting the characteristics of public institutions, the input-oriented CCR model and input-oriented BCC model were utilized. Analysis results are as follows. First, market-oriented public institutions showed the highest efficiency while fund management quasi-governmental agencies showed the highest inefficiency. Second, scale efficiency score was measured by applying the CCR model and the BCC model on the organizations with the lowest efficiency level, fund management quasi-governmental agencies. Based on these analysis results, the source of inefficiency and detailed directions for improvement were proposed for Decision Making Units (DMUs) with low CCR and BCC scores.