ХАРАКТЕРНІ ОЗНАКИ НІМЕЦЬКИХ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКИХ НАУКОВИХ ТЕКСТІВ

Abstract

The article highlights the characteristic features of scientific texts (articles) in two languages: German and Ukrainian. The peculiarities and regularities of the functioning of scientific articles are described in detail in view of the interaction of linguistic and non-linguistic factors. The specificity of a scientific text is the special role and function of language, which it plays in the process of acquiring, storing, and transmitting scientific knowledge. The cognitive-informational nature of the scientific text focuses the main functions of the language sign, acting as an intermediary-mediator in the process of scientific communication. Cognition with the help of language is carried out through a linguistic sign (word, sentence, text), in the meaning of which the essential properties of an object, a situation, highlighted by collective social practice, are recorded. A scientific article belongs to individualized scientific genres, since the author, reflecting the phenomena and objects of reality, simultaneously evaluates and argues for them and thereby draws the reader into his valuable sphere. The specificity of the genre of the scientific article – its cognitive and communicative orientation – is reflected in the semantic structure of the article, namely, the presence of factual and evaluative informativeness. A scientific text (article) in German and Ukrainian has a number of common features. They include the main semantic categories – informativeness and argumentativeness, on the basis of which the cognitive and communicative characteristics of the text are determined. Distinctive features of scientific texts in two languages are: the dominant type of information, methods of argumentation, and features of linguistic implementation.