Особенности выполнения переднего капсулорексиса для профилактики капсульного блока после факоэмульсификации катаракты с имплантацией заднекамерной ИОЛ

Abstract

Purpose. Тo develop a method for the formation of anterior capsulorexis for the prevention of capsule block in cataract phacoemulsification with the implantation of a posterior chamber IOL. Material and methods. 135 people were studied, who were divided into two groups depending on the diameter of the performed anterior capsulorexis (CR). Group I (main) included 67 patients (67 eyes), who underwent CR according to the method proposed by the authors-in the form of an ellipse with a large axis of 7,0-7,5 mm along the tunnel incision and a small axis of 4.0-5.0 mm. Group 2 -68 patients (68 eyes), capsulorexis was produced in a round shape- 5-5.5 mm. Results. Complications during surgery – in patients of group 2, a capsule block and a tear in the anterior capsulorhexis were noted in 2.9% of cases, in 3% of cases posterior capsular fibrosis was diagnosed in each group, which required the performance of posterior capsulorhexis. In the late period in one patient of group 2 endothelial-epithelial dystrophy (EED) of the cornea developed, which required ultraviolet corneal crosslinking followed by keratoplasty. Conclusion. The proposed method for the creation of anterior capsulorexis in cataract phacoemulsification with the implantation of a posterior chamber IOL reliably eliminates the possibility of a capsule block due to the formation an oval shaped capsule hole. In addition, it reduces the risk of damage to the lens capsules, ensures reliable fixation of IOLs in the capsule bag and increases access for posterior capsulorhexis, if necessary. Key words: cataract phacoemulsification, posterior chamber IOL, oval capsulorexis, capsule block.