Abstract
The paper assesses the raw material base and prospects of the dredging method to develop placer deposits and justifies the necessity to enhance its efficiency, including the reduction of non-productive time of mining equipment. Specific features of dredging that cause technological non-productive time of the dredge are described and compared to mining with continuous bucket excavators. In order to analyze and assess the impact of non-productive time on the dredge performance, it is proposed to divide all time consumed into groups, identifying time losses associated directly with working on the front bank, time spent on operations between the dredging cycles and other downtime required for technical support of the dredge operation. The main types of work are described that are part of the technological cycle in dredging and therefore define non-productive time, as well as those classified as auxiliary and organizational work. The possibility of combining non-productive time related to some auxiliary work with non-productive time due to organizational reasons is assessed. A formula is proposed for determining the front bank coefficient which is used in calculation of the dredge's technical capacity. Organizational time losses are proposed to be taken into account as the dredge utilization factors, including those per day, month and year. Specific features that cause nonproductive time in mining of formations that contain oversized boulders are highlighted. For the accepted operating conditions of the dredge and the front bank parameters, a structure of time losses was determined by type of work and their quantitative assessment was made. The results of this assessment showed the dependence of the front bank coefficient on the width and the thickness of the pay zone. The results of comparing the calculated values of the front bank coefficient with production and specialist data are provided.
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