基于土地利用变化的黄土丘陵区生境质量时空演变特征——以榆中县为例

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于土地利用变化的黄土丘陵区生境质量时空演变特征——以榆中县为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201710101800 作者: 作者单位: 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院; 甘肃省土地利用与综合整治工程研究中心,西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院;甘肃省土地利用与综合整治工程研究中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41771130） Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of habitat quality in the Loess Hilly Region based on land use change: a case study in Yuzhong County Author: Affiliation: Geography and Environment College of Northwest Normal University,Geography and Environment College of Northwest Normal University Fund Project: The Spatial Effect of Multi-scale Geographical Patterns in the Hehuang Region and the Interaction with Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomeration 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生境质量是生态系统服务水平的重要表征，是区域生态安全保障和人类福祉提升的关键环节，评估土地利用变化引起的生境质量时空演变可为区域生态保护和土地管理提供科学依据。以典型黄土丘陵区县域——榆中县为例，基于ArcGIS平台和InVEST模型探讨了该县1995、2005和2015年生境质量空间格局及其演变特征。结论如下：①研究区土地类型和景观格局变化明显，主要土地利用变化是耕地转向建设用地和林地，以及草地和耕地之间的相互转变，这些变化导致景观异质性增强和破碎度上升。②生境质量空间格局一直表现为"南部高、中部居中、北部低"的态势。生境质量上升区域主要在北部，原因是"退耕还林"及"生态北山"工程的实施使得林地面积增加，下降区域主要在中部，主要是由建设用地扩张占用耕地造成的。③生境质量热点以及"H-H"型聚集区主要位于南部山区，而冷点和"L-L"聚集区主要位于北部黄土丘陵区，2015年生境质量空间集聚程度较1995年有所增强，"H-H"聚集区增加0.68%，"L-L"聚集区增加0.67%。对该类型区域生境质量优化提出了相应的政策建议。 Abstract:Habitat quality is an important representation and reflection of the level of ecosystem services, as well as the key link in guaranteeing regional ecological security and improving human welfare. Assessment of the temporal and spatial changes in habitat quality caused by land use change can provide a scientific basis for a region's ecological protection and land management, especially in ecologically fragile areas. For a long time, the Loess Hilly Region has been a typical ecologically vulnerable area in China, and since the 1990s the social and economic conditions of Chinese counties have undergone rapid development. Considering these factors, we used a typical Loess Hilly Region county, Yuzhong County in Gansu province, as an example, and based on ArcGIS platform and the InVEST model, using the land use data of Yuzhong County in 1995, 2005, and 2015, studied for the first time the changes in land use, landscape patterns, and habitat quality from 1995 to 2015; we then analyzed the response of habitat quality to land use change and landscape pattern change, using hot spot analysis and LISA clustering analysis to study and identify the spatial distribution, clustering type, and evolution characteristics of habitat quality of the Loess Hilly Region in 1995, 2005, and 2015. The main conclusions are the following:1) During the study period, both the land use type and landscape pattern changed obviously, and the main land use changes in the study area were that cultivated land was converted to construction land and forest, and there was mutual conversion between grassland and cultivated land; these changes led to an improvement in landscape heterogeneity and the degree of fragmentation; 2) The spatial distribution of habitat quality was:high in the southern areas, medium in the middle areas, and low in the northern areas. During the study period, the area in which habitat quality improved was mainly in the north of the county because of the implementation of the "Grain for Green Project" and the "Ecological Beishan" project; the area of deterioration was primarily located in the center of the county, mainly due to the expansion of construction land, which occupied the farmland and led to an increased degree of fragmentation and a decline in connectivity; 3) The hot spot areas and areas of "High-High" habitat quality type clusters were mainly located in the southern mountain area, while the cold spot areas and areas of "Low-Low" habitat quality type clusters were mainly located in the Loess Hilly Region in the north. Compared with 1995, the degree of habitat quality clustering in 2015 was enhanced:the areas of both the "High-High" type clustering and the "Low-Low" type clustering increased from 1995; the "High-High" type clustering area increasing by 0.68% and the "Low-Low" type clustering area increasing by 0.67%. The paper also puts forward policy suggestions for the optimization of habitat quality in similar areas. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献