合成洗剤の安全性に関する研究 各種細菌，魚，ヒト皮膚に及ぼす影響

Abstract

Seven different synthetic detergents, i.e., four for kitchen use and two for household use obtained from domestic market and one imported from U.S.A., were assessed for their safety to use by bacterial growth inhibition, fish toxicity and human skin irritation tests. The results are as follows:1) The imported synthetic detergent and both synthetic detergents for household use inhibited bacterial growth at lower concentrations than the synthetic detergents for kitchen use.2) When the detergents were assessed by the fish toxicity test, the two detergents for kitchen use containing straight chain of alkylbenzene sodium sulfonate, as a main ingredient were most toxic. Sequential toxic manifestations eventuating in death of fish were common with all synthetic detergents tested, being diminished power of swimming, swarming up to the surface of water, difficult to keep equilibrium and incapable of swimming.3) The intensity of skin irritation varied with chemical characteristics of synthetic detergents. The four products for kitchen use (containing straight chain of alkylbenzene sodium sulfonate, as a main ingredient) were more potent than the imported product in eliciting a irritant skin response, which might be responsible for hand eczema.