Abstract
The turbulent flow structure and the transports of heat and substances in and above vegetation layer were studied by the field observation and the laboratory test.At the field observation, fluctuations of wind velocity, temperature, carbon dioxide and vapor were measured by using sophisticated devices.The vortices were observed to be composed of strong sweep and weak ejection, and the temporal variation of sensible heat showed ramp pattern. Transports of heat, fluid momentum and vapor are found to be closely correlated with organized vortices. Twodimensional horizontal structure of vortices was detected by thermography. The instantaneous three-dimensional structure of the organized vortex was measured by employing PIV and MASCON model in the laboratory flume.The shape of the organized vortex is elliptical, and the vortex is inclined downward toward the front, a profile of which is effective in yielding Reynolds stress.
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