ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ МЕТОДОВ СОЗДАНИЯ И РАЗМНОЖЕНИЯ СЕМЯН ЛЬНАДОЛГУНЦА В ПЕРВИЧНОМ СЕМЕНОВОДСТВЕ

Abstract

The research was carried out on in the laboratory of breeding technologies of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops” (Tver region) in 2014-2017. The purpose of the research is to develop more advanced methods for creating updated (original) fiber flax seeds based on selection of plants according to a new trait - the length (compactness) of the inflorescence, as well as their subsequent reproduction at initial stages of primary seed production. It was found that initial testing on morphological traits, followed by removal of plants that did not fit the inflorescence length typicality interval, increased the yield of updated seeds for Alpha variety by 2.5 times, for Rosinka variety by 1.5 times in comparison with the control variant. The selection of plants by inflorescence length provided better uniformity in terms of the main variety trait - fiber content in the stem, which was characterized by a coefficient of variation of 3.1 - 4.7%, versus 4.2 - 5.4% in the control, as well as a significant reduction of labor costs. It was revealed that the updated seeds created on the basis of fiber flax selection according to a new trait retained their productive properties at the level of the control variant. Sowing with a row spacing of 6.25 cm is the most effective for further reproduction of updated seeds at the initial stage of seed production. In comparison with the wide-row (22.5 cm) sowing method, it provided an increase of seed yield by 0.29 t / ha, or by 30.2%, while maintaining high sowing and varietal conditions. With narrow and wide-row sowing methods of fiber flax, the most important morphophysiological parameter - the seed strength, was equal.