松山俘虜収容所と板東俘虜収容所における体育・スポーツ活動の比較・考察 : 俘虜の管理・処遇の違いに着目して

Abstract

The purpose of this paper was to clarify the control and treatment of the German prisoners-of-war and the prisoners' Turnen and sports activities in the Matsuyama P.O.W. (prisoners-of-war) Camp and the Bando P.O.W. Camp. The historical materials used for this paper were collected mainly from the Matsuyama P.O.W. Camp newspaper "Lagerfeuer" and the Bando P.O.W. Camp newspaper "Die Baracke". The findings were summarized as follows: There was a big difference in the German prisoners' activities in these camps by the difference in the policy of control and treatment to the German prisoners. The head of the Matsuyama P.O.W. Camp controlled the German prisoners severely and was not generous with their sports activities. Although the German prisoners hoped to practice various kinds of Turnen and sports activities, they could not perform various activities. The head of the Camp did not permit the interchange between the prisoners and the local people in Matsuyama. In the Bando P.O.W. Camp, the German prisoners were treated very warmly by the order of the head of the Camp. The head of the Camp was generous in German prisoners' activity. In this camp the German prisoners practiced various systematic Turnen and sports activities. The head of the Camp promoted culture interchange between the German prisoners and the local people to learn knowledge and skill of the German prisoners. The prisoners' activities gave a significant influence on sports in Tokushima. It is said that the policy of the head of the Bando P.O.W. Camp which treated the German prisoners very warmly without constraining the prisoners with severe rules activated the prisoners and allowed their contribution to the development of Tokushima. It can be considered that the policy of the head of the Bando P.O.W. Camp gives some suggestions to themes of present education such as human right thoughts, peace education and "lifelong learning".