ОДИН ИЗ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ ВЫСОКОЧАСТОТНЫХ КОЛЕБАНИЙ ПРИ ТОЧЕНИИ

Abstract

The article presents the results of theoretical studies of the mechanism of high-frequency oscillations in the cutting zone based on wave processes accompanying the change in the elastic deforming state of the material during its destruction along the shear plane. Based on the studies carried out, it was confirmed that the source of high-frequency self-oscillations generated in the cutting zone is the dynamics of deformation of the material during its destruction along the shear plane. This plane represents the interface of the two media initiating wave processes propagating into the body of the workpiece and chips. Their character and parameters largely depend on the properties of the material being treated (modulus of elasticity and density), the haracteristics of the tool (material, front angle and quality of the front surface) and such operating parameters as the supply to the revolution and the width of the cut. It is noted that the cutting speed affects them indirectly, through the shear angle and the main component of the cutting force. Analytical dependence is proposed, establishing their relationship. It will allow a priori assessment of frequency ranges of possible self-oscillations in order to exclude modes that lead to deterioration of the quality of the treated surfaces.