Распространенность сахарного диабета у взрослого населения Новосибирска

Abstract

Aims . To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different age groups of the adult population of Novosibirsk, according to epidemiological studies in 2003–2005 and 2013–2016. Methods . We examined a representative population sample (assessed in 2003–2005) of men and women aged 45–69 years in two administrative districts of Novosibirsk, as a part of the international HAPIEE project. According to the tables of random numbers, representative samples of men and women aged 45–69 years were formed, to which letters were sent, inviting them to pass for examination. During 2013–2016, a second population survey was conducted on a random representative sample of a population of 25–44-year-olds of both sexes. Participants were residents of one of the districts of Novosibirsk. T2DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were diagnosed using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (diabetes: FPG ≥7.0 mmol/l; IFG: FPG 6.1–6.9 mmol/l). Results . The prevalence of T2DM among residents aged 45–69 years was 11.3%, and overall, no significant difference in prevalence was found between females and males (11.3% vs. 11.0%). However, the overall prevalence of T2DM among residents aged 25–44 years was 2.2%, and prevalence was higher in men (3.5%) than in women (1.1%), p ≤ 0.05. High prevalence of IFG was found in the 45–69 age group (18.2%, in 2003–2005), and in the younger age group of 25–44 years (21.6%, in 2013–2016). The high rate among young individuals is particularly alarming. Less than one half (4.8 out of 11.3%) of participants aged 45–69 tested positive for T2DM, and only one in the age group 25–44 years knew he/she had diabetes. This indicates a lack of knowledge among Siberians about their problem with diabetes. Conclusion . Approximately one in five adults had IFG. Among the adult population aged 45–69 (in 2003–2005), 18.2% had IFG and 11.3% had T2DM. In individuals aged 25–44 years in 2013–2016, IFG was observed in 21.6%, and 2.2% had T2DM (p≤0.05).