Россия и Иран на Южном Кавказе: проблемы и перспективы сотрудничества в сфере энергетической безопасности

Abstract

Introduction. In the context of the complex geopolitical situation that has developed in the South Caucasus in the post-Soviet period, the problems associated with the security of this region have become much more complicated. Among them, an important place was occupied by issues of energy security, the solution of which increasingly depended on the political phenomena and processes taking place in the South Caucasus. The importance of studying this sphere of regional relations, which has become the focus of research attention, has increased. Of particular interest is the study of the role and place of Russia and Iran in regional relations in the South Caucasus, their participation in solving energy problems, which turned out to be among the current priorities of their policy in the South Caucasus direction. Materials and methods. The paper analyzed the publications of domestic and foreign researchers devoted to the problems of regional security in the South Caucasus. Documentary materials were involved, reflecting the rivalry of the leading Western countries with Russia and Iran for economic positions in the region, in particular, the development of hydrocarbon resources of the Caspian Sea and routes for their delivery to Europe. The work used problem-chronological, comparative and systemic methods to identify the degree of study of issues related to energy security in the South Caucasus. Analysis. The article specifies the factors influencing the energy policy of Russia and Iran in the South Caucasus, reveals their approach to solving complex issues that have accumulated in the energy sector. It is proved that in the course of a constructive dialogue between the two countries, favorable conditions were created for the development of strategic partnership in the South Caucasus. Results. The paper concludes that the resistance of the United States and its Western allies to the interests of Russia and Iran in the South Caucasus resulted in their wish to strengthen partnerships, strengthen the joint struggle against Western influence in the region and create conditions for its peaceful, safe and stable development.