제주 해녀춤의 사회적 기능과 예술적 특성 연구

Abstract

Art called dance has formed a form called folk dance as mankind itself has racial characteristics of being adjusted to society according to being accumulated the historically living experience under the close relationship with realistic situation. Haenyeo(female diver) dance in Jeju Island was created by living itself, and has been performed out of the special bracket called Haenyeo in the middle of its life, and can be said to be folk dance peculiar to us, whose dancing goal is closely related to real life. In order for Haenyeo dance to be restored and recreated as modern folk dance, there will be necessity for examining social functions and artistic characteristics of dance, and for seeking for historical appropriateness in restoration and recreation of Haenyeo dance. Accordingly, this study aimed to closely examine social functions and artistic characteristics of Haenyeo dance in Jeju Island, and came to reach the following conclusions. First, the social functions in a traditional sense were indicated to be ritual function, community-based function, playing function, function of conflict solution and deity, and communication function. Second, the social functions in a modern sense include the function as festival, community-based function, function of performance art, and function of loving tradition and promoting local patriotism. Third, as for artistic characteristics, it shows social and cultural unicity in Jeju Island, thereby being dance in a realism-based form available for feeling the past and the present of female diver. Also, it was mixed with dance, song, theatrical element, and play, thereby having been characterized by dance movement with strong simplicity and repetition and by instrumental dance. Fourth, accompaniment music is expressing attractive and rich dance movement in line with folksy Jeju ballad of Jeju Island. Even clothes and dance implements are composed of the real image and form in female divers. A reason for necessity of continuously restoring and recreating Haenyeo dance today can be said to be accredited to these social functions and artistic characteristics.