Abstract
Objective of the study is to evaluate the current state of epizootic activity of natural zoonotic foci, as the basis for the development of prophylactic measures aimed at prevention of natural-focal infections during mass events. Materials and methods. Utilized have been reports from the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan, the data provided by Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Tatarstan over the period of 2009-2014, and literature references. Results and conclusions. The most pressing natural-focal infectious diseases are hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tick-borne borreliosis, and tick-borne viral encephalitis. Yersinioses, leptospiroses, and West Nile fever are rarely registered. Tularemia infections have not been reported within the past 20 years. The period of 2009-2013 is characterized by the decrease in the numbers of carriers and vectors of the diseases, as well as epizootic activity of natural foci, which came up to minimum values in 2013. Emerged since 2014 increment in the abundance rates of the carriers and later the vectors can lead to the increase in the incidence of natural-focal diseases. In the territory of the Republic, allocated are the spatial combination areas of natural foci of the diseases of various etiology with high risk of population exposure. Previous to conduction of mass events it is necessary to enhance the epizootiological surveillance in the natural foci, the results of which lay premises for the development of complex prophylactic activities.
Highlights
Current State of Natural Foci of Dangerous Infectious Diseases in the Territory of the Russian Federation
Objective of the study is to evaluate the current state of epizootic activity of natural zoonotic foci, as the basis for the development of prophylactic measures aimed at prevention of natural-focal infections during mass events
Utilized have been reports from the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan, the data provided by Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Tatarstan over the period of 2009–2014, and literature references
Summary
В работе использованы данные эпизоотологических наблюдений в природных очагах инфекционных болезней, осуществляемых специалистами ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Республике Татарстан», материалы Управления Роспотребнадзора по Республике Татарстан за 2009–2014 гг., литературные источники. В качестве основных задач ставились: ретроспективный анализ эпизоотологических и эпидемиологических данных; изучение глубины изменений природных условий и антропогенного воздействия, определяющих структуру животных комплексов носителей и переносчиков инфекционных болезней; дифференциация территории Республики Татарстан по уровню эпидемической опасности; повышение эффективности профилактики зоонозов. В природных биотопах собрано на флаг 2744 экз. Обратившихся в лечебные учреждения, составили 25 тыс. В природных и антропогенных биотопах отловлено 1126 экз. В целях выявления роли животных в циркуляции возбудителей различных зоонозов в лаборатории исследовано 1742 экз. Комаров, 787 проб объектов внешней среды (вода, погадки, экскременты) В целях выявления роли животных в циркуляции возбудителей различных зоонозов в лаборатории исследовано 1742 экз. мелких млекопитающих, 3316 экз. иксодовых клещей, 624 экз. комаров, 787 проб объектов внешней среды (вода, погадки, экскременты)
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