Продуктивність сільськогосподарських культур залежно від рівня їх удобрення на дренованих органогенних ґрунтах

Abstract

Goal. Experimentally determine an efficient set of micro fertilizers and regulators of growth and development of crops, which will increase their yields on drained organogenic soils in the floodplains of the humid zone. Methods. Field, laboratory-analytical, mathematical, and statistical. Results. The introduction of regulators of growth and development of plants and micro fertilizers had little effect on the nutrient regime of organic soil. They had a positive effect on the productivity of perennial grasses, cereals, and vegetables. The introduction of growth regulators on the background of N90P45K120 under perennial grasses provided an increase in yield on average over 5 years from drugs Biolan — 2.7 t/ha of dry weight, Radifarm — 2.4, Radostym — 2.1, Regoplant, Emistym C, Reakom, Humisol , Plantafol — 0.5–2.0 t/ha of dry weight. A high increase in grass yields was also due to the application of micro fertilizers on the background of N90P45K120 — 0.6–1.2 t/ha of dry weight. Application of micro fertilizers for grain crops on unfertilized areas provided an increase in the yield of winter rye on 0.7–0.9 t/ha, winter triticale — 0.8–0.9, spring triticale — 0.6-0.7, oat: filmed — 1,4–1.5, naked 0.6–0.8 t/ha, and with the introduction of P45K120 increase was 0.4, 0.7; 0.8; 0.4 and 0.6 t/ha of grain respectively. On average, over the years of research in unfertilized fields, the increase in the yield of carrots and beets from the application of Humisol and Reakom was 13.0-25.3% compared to areas without their addition. The introduction of growth regulators and micro fertilizers helped to improve the quality of the harvest. Conclusions. The application of growth regulators and microelements both on the background of applied macro nutrients and without them on drained organogenic soils provided an increase in the yield of perennial grasses, respectively on 1.1–2.7 and 0.6–1.2 t/ha and 1.3–2, 4 and 0.8–1.4 t/ha of dry mass. The increase in grain yield at the introduction of growth stimulants on the background of PK and without them was, respectively: winter rye — 0.4 and 0.5 t/ha; winter triticale — 0.7 and 0.8; spring triticale — 0.8 and 2.8; grain oats — 0.4 and 2.6 t/ha; naked oats 0.6 and 2.5 t/ha. The introduced growth regulators and microelements helped to improve the feed quality of perennial grasses.