基于地理探测器的喀斯特山区生态系统服务关系分异特征及驱动力解析——以贵州省为例

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于地理探测器的喀斯特山区生态系统服务关系分异特征及驱动力解析——以贵州省为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202109012470 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学青年基金项目（42001090）；重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJQN202000512） Differentiation characteristics and driving factors of ecosystem services relationships in karst mountainous area based on geographic detector modeling:A case study of Guizhou Province Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态系统服务关系的空间异质性及其驱动机制分析一直都是喀斯特生态系统服务研究的关键问题。以典型喀斯特山区--贵州省为例，选取植被净初级生产力(NPP)，土壤保持(SC)和产水(WY)3类生态系统服务，在对其进行准确估算的基础上，采用相关分析法、均方根误差法从多角度剖析生态系统服务关系变化及其空间分异规律，借助地理探测器对生态系统服务关系变化的驱动机理进行解析。结果表明：①2000-2015年贵州省NPP、土壤保持、产水服务均值均呈增长趋势，其中，NPP和土壤保持服务在研究区东北部及西北角增长最显著，产水服务在研究区东南部增加最明显。②研究时段内，区域生态系统服务关系以协同为主，只是协同关系在减弱并有向权衡发展的趋势。③不同背景条件下区域生态系统服务关系具有明显的分异特征。相较于白云岩，NPP与土壤保持的权衡度在石灰岩上更大；土壤保持与NPP的权衡度在地势平缓的岩溶盆地上较大，产水服务与NPP、土壤保持间的权衡度在陡峭的岩溶槽谷(峡谷)上更大；产水服务与土壤保持间的权衡度随着植被覆盖度的增加而逐渐增大。④地理探测器结果表明：造林总面积是影响NPP与土壤保持间权衡关系变化的主导因子，降水总量已成为制约NPP与产水服务间协同的最主要因子，高程和人均国内生产总值(GDP)是影响土壤保持与产水服务间关系的最主要因子；因子间的交互影响均高于单因子的影响。研究深化了喀斯特地区生态系统服务权衡/协同关系变化的机理解析研究，为喀斯特生态系统有效保护和管理提供了科学参考。 Abstract:The spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services relationships and their driving mechanisms have always been the research focus regarding karst ecosystem services. Taking Guizhou Province, a typical karst mountainous area, as an example, this study selected three ecosystem services:net primary productivity (NPP), soil conservation (SC), and water yield (WY). Based on the accurate estimation of three ecosystem services through the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model, the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model and the water balance formula, the spatio-temporal change and differentiation characteristics of ecosystem services relationships were analyzed using correlation analysis and root mean square error (RMSE). The driving mechanisms of changes in ecosystem services relationships were then analyzed using a geographic detector modeling. The results showed that:① from 2000 to 2015, the average values of NPP, SC, and WY in Guizhou Province showed an increasing trend. In terms of spatial distribution, NPP and SC presented an increasing trend in the northeast and northwest corner of the study area. The WY increased in the southeastern study area. ② During the study period, the relationships of regional ecosystem services were mainly synergistic, but the synergistic relationship was weakening, accompanied by a trade-off trend. So, due attention should be given to the coordination of ecosystem services relationships. ③ The relationship of regional ecosystem services under different conditions had obvious differentiation characteristics. Compared with dolomite, the trade-off intensity between NPP and SC was greater on limestone; the trade-off intensity between SC and NPP was greater on flat karst basins, and the trade-off intensity between WY and NPP, WY and SC was greater on steep karst slot valley (canyons). The trade-off intensity between WY and SC gradually increased with the increase in vegetation coverage. ④ The results of the geographic detector modeling showed that the total afforestation area was the leading factor affecting the trade-off change between NPP and SC. The total precipitation was the main factor restricting the collaboration between NPP and WY. The elevation and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) were the main factors affecting the relationship between SC and WY. Meantime, the explanatory power of the interaction of any two factors was higher than that of the single factor, indicating the influence intensity of the factor was obviously increased after the interaction. In the future, attention should be paid to multi-factors and their interactions. This study provided deeper insights into the mechanisms of the trade-off/synergy changes among ecosystem services in the karst area, and a scientific reference for the effective protection and management of the karst ecosystem. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献