Abstract

불포화토의 함수특성은 구속효과 및 이력현상에 따라 변화한다. 이로 인하여 불포화 지층의 유효응력을 정의할 때, 모관흡수력이 기여하는 효과가 깊이에 따라 변화하거나 침투 및 증발과정에서 상이하게 나타난다. 불포화토의 유효응력은 흡수응력 특성곡선에 근거하여 일반화 할 수 있다. 이러한 일반화를 위해서, 구속응력과 함수특성곡선의 관계를 찾는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 구속응력을 가한 상태에서 압력판 추출시험을 수행하고 건조 및 습윤과정에서 나타나는 함수특성의 이력현상을 획득하였다. 그리고 각 이력과정에 대한 유효 체적함수비와 모관흡수력 관계를 구할 수 있었다. 이로부터 모관흡수력에 따른 흡수응력 특성곡선을 정의할 수 있었다. 또한 삼축시험시 구한 불포화 전단강도로부터, 흡수응력과 유효응력을 모관흡수력으로부터 구할 수 있었다. 함수특성에 근거한 유효응력 파괴규준은 유일하게 나타났으며 포화시 파괴포락선과 일치하였다. 삼축시험으로부터 구한 흡수응력은 대표 함수특성곡선으로부터 구한 것과 유사하게 나타났다. 따라서 각 이력과정에서 구속효과에 대하여 함수특성곡선이 유일하게 정의될 수 있음을 입증하였다. Soil water retention characteristics are influenced by factors of the confining stress and hysteresis in the variably saturated soil. In the description of effective stress based on hydraulic characteristics, the contribution of a matric suction to effective stress then varies with depth or is different between the processes of infiltration and evaporation. Unsaturated effective stress can be described based on suction stress characteristic curve, in which a representative soil water retention curve is required to evaluate. Pressure palate extractor tests under various confining stresses were performed and the hysteresis of drying and wetting process was also acquired. In the process of drying or wetting, a unique relationship has been estimated on the effective volumetric water content and the matric suction, which defines suction stress characteristic curve. In the unsaturated shear strength from triaxial tests, the suction stress and the effective stress were evaluated by matric suctions. The failure envelop by effective stress based on soil water retention characteristics was unique and the same as the saturated one. The measured suction stress from triaxial tests was similar to that from the soil water retention curve. Therefore it is verified that a representative soil water retention curve can be defined which is independent of the confining effect under wetting or drying process of the hysteresis.

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