Обґрунтування системи геодезичного моніторингу із використанням рейки змінної довжини

Abstract

The purpose of improvement of the accepted geodetic decisions concerning the program of geodetic monitoring of highrise buildings of a difficult design taking into account conditions of the increased danger of a construction site Method. Execution of geodetic observations of subsidence of a multi-storey building under the condition of joint use of invar rail and rail of variable length according to the leveling program of the first class. Comparative observations of the displacement of the structure using a high-precision optical theodolite and an electronic total station. Results. Improved methods and geodetic accessories for determining the plan-height deformations of buildings erected in difficult geological conditions. . Scientific novelty. Search and collection of initial information, analysis of normative documentation on the organization of geodetic monitoring of deformation of engineering structures are carried out. Methods for determining the deformations of engineering structures are analyzed. The advantages of class I geodetic observations with the help of accurate optical geodetic instruments over other methods are proved. Comparative studies of the accuracy of a modern electronic total station and a high-precision optical theodolite were performed in the field. The planned and height dynamics of deformation processes of building structures during the construction period and at the initial stage of operation are determined. A comparative analysis of the results of determining the deposition of the pile field by methods of loading piles with hydraulic jacks and the load from the actual mass of the aboveground part of the house. It is established that the largest deformations of the structure occur at the initial stage of construction and gradually fade after its completion. The calculation of the accuracy of geodetic works with the joint use of traditional invar rails and rails of new design. Practical value. The organization and conduct of geodetic works to monitor the deformation processes of multi-storey buildings on the developed technology of precision leveling contributes to the timely establishment of maximum allowable values of deformation, risk prevention, to preserve the safety of residential complexes under difficult geological conditions. A new design of the leveling rail and a leveling technique with the simultaneous use of a standard invar rail and developed by the authors have been developed. Improved method of linear-angular measurements for monitoring the planned deformations of buildings.