Функційне навантаження порівняльних конструкцій у структурі складного синтаксичного цілого

Abstract

Introduction. Comparison belongs to the universal categories that are the basis of a person's knowledge of the world around him/her. It is studied in three aspects: epistemological, logical and linguistic. Comparison as a linguistic category is objectified in a material substance - a comparative construction that functions as part of various syntactic constructions, among them a simple sentence, a complex sentence, and a complex syntactic integer are distinguished. Comparative constructions in the system of simple and complex sentences have repeatedly been the object of study in Ukrainian linguistics. Our scientific research is conditioned by the need to reveal the peculiarities of semantics and stylistic functions of comparative constructions within the complex syntactic integer. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to clarify the semantic and functional features of comparative constructions in the system of a complex syntactic integer. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the specificity of comparative constructions as one of the defining means of image formation was revealed; their lexical-semantic organization was analysed; the role of comparison in the organization of the text structure was defined. Research methods. The methods of linguistic observation and linguistic analysis were used to determine the semantic-functional features of comparative constructs. Results. Comparative constructions appear as a result of the generalization of a specific area of objective reality, a fragment of linguistic reality, in which the comparative processes of juxtaposition (comparison) of objects, phenomena, actions, signs are reproduced on the basis of their associative connections. Linguistic representation of multifaceted associative comparisons serves as a marker of national, social, educational, individual authorial visions, which, in turn, determines the decoding and deciphering of figurative meanings. An expression with a comparative construction present in it appears as a specific model of thought, the factor of which is the presence of associative relations. Such relations are inseparable from thinking, they do not exist in nature, they exist only in the mind of the author and in language. The juxtaposition of objects and phenomena of the surrounding reality that are distant in terms of linguistic and cognitive features leads to the unevenness of the interpretation of such a comparison, which depends on a number of factors, among them - the peculiarities of perception, imagination, worldview, etc. The subject of artistic knowledge within a complex syntactic integer is quite often a person with his/her experience, feelings. The completeness of the verbal and artistic description is ensured by the use of a number of detailed comparisons that arose as a result of various associations related to the object of comparison. Conclusion. Comparison is one of the universal categories, an integral parameter of which is the comparison of two or more names of objects, phenomena, actions, properties based on their associative connections. Comparison in the structure of a complex syntactic integer is quite often based on the convergence of unusual objects, the semantic connection between which can be more or less hidden, which, in turn, determines the variability and multifaceted nature of their interpretation.