고려전기 지방무신의 지위와 중앙으로의 진출

Abstract

This thesis is to review the organization, employment and promotion of local military officers as well as The stipend land system(Jeonsigwa 田柴科) and the Nokbong(official salary) regulations that were paid to them in the early ages of Goryeo, examining how they could be converted into the central government officers. The local military officers were divided into officers who commanded the Joojin-gun(Joojingun Musin) and those who commanded the Joohyeon-gun(Joohyeongun Musin). Joojingun Musin included Jungnangjang, Nangjang, Byeoljang, Sanwon, Gyowi, and Daejeong, while Joohyeongun Musin included Byeoljang, Sanwon, Gyowi, and Daejeong. More military positions were assigned to Joojingun Musin than Joohyeongun Musin. In addition, Joojingun Musin had the titles such as Doryeong Jungnangjang, Doryeong Nangjang, Gabyeoljang, and Seopsanwon in it, being much more subdivided than Joohyeongun Musin. The local military officers were mainly recruited among Hyang-ris(Local Administrative Clerk). They continued to hold the Hyang-ri post even after being selected as local military officers. The central government recognized that the main job of Joojingun Musin was the military officer but the main job of Joohyeongun Musin was Hyang-ri. As a result, Joojingun Musin could be promoted within the military posts regardless of the Hyang-ri position and, in special cases, could be converted into the central government military officers. On the other hand, Joohyeongun Musin, who were selected according to the rank of Hyang-ri, could be promoted in their military position only when promoted in their Hyang-ri position and, even if they made brilliant services, could not be converted into the central government military officers. Since the government regarded the Joojingun Musin as the military officers, they were given the Jeonsigwa and the Nokbong. However, unlike the central military officers who received the Jeonsigwa based on their official posts, the Joojingun Musin received it based on their Hyang-ri posts. In addition, after the Nokbong regulations were enacted in the 16th year of King Yejong, they also got the Nokbong. As such, Joojingun Musin and Joohyeongun Musin were different in their organization, promotion, economic support, and conversion into the central government officers. It was because the Goryeo Dynasty put a greater weight on external defense in the 2 border areas than in the 5 provinces according to the defense method combined with the province governing system. As a result, Joojingun Musin, who played a key part in the defense of the border areas, were not only recognized as the bureaucrat with more diversified ranks but also received the Jeonsigwa and the Nokbong. However, compared to the central military officers, the amount of their Jeonsigwa and Nokbong was small, and there was the limitation that they could not freely converted or promoted to the central military officers.