Анализ причин повреждений и отказов судовых валопроводов

Abstract

The paper highlights the problem of a ship shaft line failure, which entails significant economic losses, because most vessels of the Russian fleet are equipped with a shaft line. A large number of domestic and foreign works are devoted to studying the causes of damage and failures of ship shafting. The complexity of collecting, systematizing and analyzing statistical data on breakdowns and damages of shafting lies in the fact that the data refer to different periods of time, different periods of operation and types of ships, and are also contained in various sources. There has been considered the approach to systematization of modern statistical data on damages and failures of ship shafting elements collected on the basis of defect-technological lists of the Astrakhan shipyards and from other sources. Information on breakdowns of ships, their elements and ship shaft lines within 2010 - 2019 provided by the Russian River Register of Shipping is given. The analysis of accidents on ships of the class of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. The places of occurrence and the nature of the propeller shaft cracks have been established, which makes it possible to assess the nature and magnitude of the destructive loads, as well as the real safety margins. The general classification of the location of the propeller shaft cracks in the order of the frequency of their occurrence is given. There have been shown the results of the analysis of defect-technological lists, which make it possible to establish the causes of ship shafting failures, which led to emergency repair, and the most common defects identified during the scheduled dock repair of ships. The influence of the diameter of propeller shafts on the nature and size of defects, as well as the frequency of their manifestation, is estimated. Based on the results of the analysis, certain measures have been proposed to reduce the number of accidents in shafting of projected vessels, and the most promising directions for improving the already developed structures of shafting in operation are outlined. The results of the analysis are in addition to the ongoing research and development work to improve the reliability of ship power systems.