Геодезичне забезпечення відновлення багатофункціонального комплексу ТРЦ «Нікольський» в місті Харків

Abstract

The application of geodetic surveys is a vital aspect of assessing the destruction of buildings as a result of Russian armed aggression. The study compares Ukrainian and foreign research methods, highlights their advantages and disadvantages. The legislative framework for geodetic support for restoration of buildings on the territory of Ukraine has been analyzed. As international experience has shown, geodetic surveys are an effective tool for assessing the destruction of buildings as a result of military operations. The study is aimed at evaluating the structural integrity on the example of the shopping and entertainment center “Nikolskyi” in the city of Kharkiv. Geodetic methods used to assess structural damage are reviewed, and an overview of the results of these damage assessments is provided. It is investigated how geodetic surveys can be used to assess structural damage in buildings. The purpose of the article is the study of geodetic works and methods of geodetic support for restoration works of the shopping center building. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were performed: analysis of previous experience in this area; the choice of the method of geodetic provision of restoration works; presenting the results of geodetic measurements; interpretation of the obtained results. Method. To obtain research results, special methods are used: constructive and substantive analysis – for the formation of research directions; analytical methods – to process the results of the shooting; mathematical modeling – to determine the amount of destruction and damage to the building. A Leica Geosystems TCRP 1205 tacheometer and other geodetic equipment were used in the study to assess the structural integrity of the shopping center. The combination of geodetic measurements with the use of tacheometers is an important area of application of tacheometers in similar tasks. In addition, classical surveys, using total station geodetic measurements, were performed in conjunction with an automatic strain monitoring system to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the structural integrity assessment. Therefore, using the specified devices, it is possible to accurately measure and analyze the structural integrity of the shopping center. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in the creation of modern approaches to geodetic support for restoration works of buildings that were destroyed as a result of military operations. Original methods of geodetic surveying and a modern instrument base from NVP “Navigation and Geodetic Center” are applied. The proposed geodetic studies demonstrate the effectiveness of using geodetic measurements to assess structural damage to buildings. Deformation values obtained with the help of geodetic studies helped determine the volumes and technology of restoration, which provides important information for engineering works. It has been shown that the use of electronic tacheometer measurements is a reliable and accurate means of determining damage levels and locations even in complex fracture locations. The Leica TCRP 1205 total station accurately measures angles and distances in a reflection-free mode to achieve the highest accuracy of work. In addition, the measuring technology that was applied at the object of research can be used for geodetic research during the detection of shifts and deformations of building structures. Future research could explore the application of geodetic measurements to other types of buildings or structures damaged by military action. In general, the studies carried out reinforce the potential and importance of geodetic measurements for restoration programs that are planned and will be planned in the near future.