ГЕОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА И ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА

Abstract

The article has an overview nature in order to make researchers familiar with individual results of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) for 2019. The GEM methodology studies the behavior of entrepreneurs from different countries, national specifics of regulation and their impact on the development of the modern geo-economic system. Since 2019, according to the GEM method, the entire world economy is subdivided by income level: with low, middle and high incomes of the population. Russia is among the group with middle incomes of the population. The study shows that entrepreneurial activity and economic growth depend on a country's economic development. Analysis and assessment of the main factors characterizing the most positive attitude of society towards entrepreneurship are observed in Poland, India, Sweden, and China. The lowest level is in Japan (10%), the Russian Federation and Belarus (30%). The article describes the main trends in business development, based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor studies. With a low income level, the entrepreneurial activity of the population is higher. In countries with a high level of GDP per capita, the level of entrepreneurial activity is declining. However, these countries show a high percentage of established entrepreneurs compared to start-ups. Over the past 5 years, the gender gap among entrepreneurs in the global economy has been leveled. The effectiveness of government regulation directly affects the growth of entrepreneurial activity. The author notes that the modern geo-economic system needs to study the best practices of institutional mechanisms for stimulating the potential of small and medium-sized businesses.