До питання визначення величини поглиненої енергії оптичного випромінювання біологічним об’єктом

Abstract

It is known that when studying the effects of electromagnetic and, in particular, optical radiation on a biological object, one of the main parameters is the amount of radiation energy absorbed by its structures. The ways of realization of electromagnetic radiation energy absorbed by the object depend on many factors, determined both by the structural properties of the object and the environment, and by the features of the acting electromagnetic field (frequency, intensity, duration, etc.). The determination of quantitative characteristics for solving the energy balance equation in an object, as a rule, is not only difficult, but their exact calculation is impossible in some cases. The equation of the energy balance of the conversion of absorbed energy by a biological object also cannot be represented (without significant simplifications) in an analytical form. From the point of view of the action of physical environmental factors on a biological object, an important case is when, when trying to characterize the effect or effectiveness of the physical environment, parameters that are of limited use to describe the effect in question are used as parameters. Such values may include the coefficient of the overall biological effect used in radiobiology, the light efficiency that is used in lighting engineering, the relative spectral efficiency, and similar quantities. A physical quantity such as absorbed energy (dose of absorbed energy) or its derivatives, in one form or another, is part of any mathematical model that describes the effect on a biological object of gamma radiation or longer-wave electromagnetic radiation, including infra-low frequencies. It should be noted that the higher the level of the structural hierarchy at which the response of the biological system is considered, the greater the deviation from the average statistical value when establishing the final effect because of irradiation. Key words: optical radiation, biological object, radiation dose