Abstract
환원상태가 발달된 담수상태의 토양이나 습지생태계에서 <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX>는 환원상태의 진전을 지연시키는 완충역할을 할 수 있다. 논토양에서 <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX>가 Fe(III) 환원과 그에 따른 P의 가용화에 미치는 영향과 함께 질산화작용억제가 벼의 N, P 흡수 및 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 담수 후 10 cm 깊이 토양의 산화환원전위 변화는 N 비료처리별로 현저하게 달리 나타났으며, 질산화작용이 억제된 요소+N-serve 처리에서는 -100 mV 이하로 낮아졌으나 <TEX>$KNO_3$</TEX>처리의 경우에는 0 mV 이상으로 유지되었다. 이러한 현상은 질소비료 처리별로 <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX>에 의한 redox buffer 작용 유무에 따라서 결정되는 것이다. N-serve 처리를 통하여 질산화작용을 억제시키면 <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX>에 의한 redox buffer 작용이 없어지므로 토양의 환원현상이 크게 촉진될 수 있는 것이다. 따라서 요소+N-serve 처리에서는 다른 처리에 비하여 Fe(III)의 환원과 함께 토양 용액의 <TEX>${PO_4}^{3-}$</TEX> 함량이 현저히 증가하였다. 질산화저해제와 함께 요소를 처리한 경우 토양 용액중의 N 및 P 함량과 함께 벼 유묘 지상부의 N과 P 함량이 가장 높았음에도 불구하고 그 생장은 가장 불량하였다. 이와 같이 요소+N-serve 처리에서 나타난 벼 유묘 생장 저해 현상은 과도한 Fe(II)의 용출과 그에 따른 벼 유묘의 Fe 과잉흡수에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. In a pot experiment, we studied the effect of nitrification inhibition on Fe reduction and P release in paddy soil and growth and nutrient uptake of rice plant. Recommended level of fertilizers, 6 kg N, 5 kg <TEX>$P_2O_5$</TEX> and 4 kg <TEX>$K_2O$</TEX> per 10a, were applied, and for N fertilizer urea, urea+N-serve, and <TEX>$KNO_3$</TEX> were included. Four 30-day-old seedlings were transplanted in a waterlogged 9 L pot filled with Yuga series soil, and 3 pots were prepared in each N fertilizer treatment. Changes of soil redox potential and concentration of <TEX>${NH_4}^-$</TEX>, <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX>, <TEX>$Fe^{2+}$</TEX> and <TEX>${PO_4}^{3-}$</TEX> in soil solution at 10 cm depth were monitored, and also the growth and nutrient uptake of rice plants were measured. Concentration of <TEX>${NH_4}^+$</TEX> in soil solution was highest in urea+N-serve treatment, and followed by urea and <TEX>$KNO_3$</TEX> treatments. Addition of N-serve could effectively inhibit nitrification in the soil. In the treatment of <TEX>$KNO_3$</TEX>, relatively higher <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX> concentration was found at 10 cm depth soil. In urea+N-serve treatment redox potential was lower than -100 mV during the experiment, but in the treatment of <TEX>$KNO_3$</TEX> the potential was maintained above 0 mV until <TEX>${NO_3}^-$</TEX> remaining in soil solution. Reduction of Fe(III) and solubilization of P were highly correlated with redox potential changes in the three N fertilizer treatments. Concentrations of Fe(II) and <TEX>${PO_4}^{3-}$</TEX> in soil solution at 10 cm depth were much higher in the urea+N-serve treatment. The most vigorous rice seedling growth was found in the urea treatment. Although the availability of N and P in soil was enhanced in the urea+N-serve treatment through the suppression of nitrification, excessive solubilization of Fe could limit the growth of rice plants.
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