献血者の献血に関する意識調査―特に本人確認と検査結果の通知について―

Abstract

HIV-positive rates among voluntary blood donors in Japan have increased yearly for more than 10 years. This trend has emphasized the need to ensure blood safety, since more donors with infected blood in window periods could be undetected by nucleic acid amplifying testing (NAT).A questionnaire survey on the idea of requesting identification cards (ID) in interviews at the time of donation, and notifying donors of all blood testing results including infectious markers, especially HIV, was performed in 4 Japanese Red Cross Blood Centers (JBC). ID presentation was acceptable to 81% of donors on average, of whom over 90% would continue blood donations with ID presentation. Notification of HIV testing results was agreed to by 47%, denied by 21%, undetermined in 30% and not commented on by 2%. The rates of donors who did not want to be notified of any testing results (no notification) were 0.4-5.1% at each JBC, with the JBC which has introduced a photocard system with the donor's photograph having the lowest rate. The rates of donors, who did not get mailed notification of all testing results to be sent back to the JBC (no acceptance) were 0.4-0.8% at each JBC. However, the rates of approval for no notification and no acceptance for only infectious markers increased to 0.4-16.8% and 0-5.6%, respectively. In particular, the rate of both no notification and no acceptance for syphilis testing results was 41.7% dramatically higher in the JBC, which is the highest in both the number and rate of HIV infection among donors every year.These results indicate that ID presentation in interviews has already been accepted by almost all donors, but that HIV notification is approved by only half. However, most donors would agree to notification of HIV infection if they were able to understand its importance to both public and individual health as well as to blood safety by proper education and information on HIV infection.