ПРИНЦИПЫ СИСТЕМНОЙ ТИПОЛОГИИ В ОТНОШЕНИИ К КАТЕГОРИИ ДАТИВА

Abstract

This article deals with systematization of main principles of system typology put forward by G.P. Melnikov and that have become a methodological basis of the present research. The importance of concept of the internal determinant of the language is stipulated by the use of morphemes of different class - prepositions, prefixes and affixes - in the languages of different types by actualization of the uni-versal strategy. The triadic principle applicable for linguistic analysis was projected to the Dative under-stood from the point of view of the strategy derived through the universals of the natural semantic meta-language. The importance of the research is stipulated by insufficient study of aspect of Dative from the point of view of the system typology. The object of the research is prepositional-and-nominal and verbal-and-prefix constructions, where universal case conceptual basis of Dative is actualized in Russian, English, French, Spanish and Uzbek languages. The subject of the research is semantics of morphemes pri, to, à, a, -ga in Russian, English, French, Spanish and Uzbek languages as a model of the universal case meaning of Dative. The analysis done on the material of belles-lettres of five languages of different types has shown actualization of the strategy through the language units, the morphemes. Main methods used in the paper include abstracting, analysis, synthesis, analogy, cognitive-and-communicative and typological methods, as well as principles of morpheme analysis and cognitive modeling. As a result of the research it has been established that the Dative markers are preposition to in the English language, prepositionв à in the French language, preposition а in the Spanish language, prefix pri- of the Russian language and the Uzbek agglu-tinative affix -ga.