基于鸟类边缘种行为的景观连接度研究——空间句法的反规划应用

Abstract

To mitigate the biodiversity crisis and human-land conflicts during rapid urbanization,the construction of and other ecological has been adopted as a common approach for decades,which emphasizes their role of urban green as species habitat or recreation sites in densely-populated regions.In the research and planning of urban forests and other ecological landscapes,the connectivity associated with the behaviors of certain species(users) has increasingly attracted attentions.However,there are still many problems unsolved in terms of the modeling and the analysis of behavior-integrating structure,as well as the meaningful ways to parameterize the real landscape connectivity.Based on the blueprint-background transposition idea of negative planning,this paper aims to introduce a new approach to the modeling and the analysis of functional connectivity. Space syntax,a widely accepted principle in the field of architecture and urban planning,has the potentials to facilitate the development of new models on the connectivity integrated with species behaviors.Driven by the theory of syntax on current stage,this paper introduced the language of artificial intelligence into ecology research,based on the hypothesis that the principle of syntax still works after replacing the study objects in human settlement with those in ecological landscape.A case study was used to demonstrate the advantages of this new method of studying connectivity. In view of the similarity in spatial configuration between the landscapes inhabited by avian species and the objects of axial map study,we used the axial map approach of syntax to study the connectivity based on the behaviors of avian species.Firstly,this paper introduced the traditional connectivity quantification methods and species migration models,summarized their limitations based on literature review,and identified the need of improvements on the individual based models to reflect weighted choice among elements and to predict the messages of interaction between species and in upper scale.Secondly,we put forward the idea of introducing the syntax model into the field of edge species-habitat in ecological research,inspired by the idea of negative planning.Finally,as a case study,we applied the axial map approach of syntax in the planning research of urban forests in Hezhou city,made a primary test on the free space of inhabited by avian species and drew the conclusion on the index of integration and intelligibility accordingly.Simulation results were to demonstrate that the model of axial map in the field of behavior-integrating connectivity could reflect the species′ migration choice among differently-shaped elements,which has different weights in direction and distance,and could predict the multi-scale behaviors of the species based on the messages they perceived in vicinity.