Теоретико-методологічні аспекти дослідження ландшафтно-гідрологічної структури території

Abstract

The basins of middle sized and small rivers, their tributaries have considerable levels of diversification, polystructural horizontal and vertical linkages. The complication of basins landscape structure parameterization noticeably increases needs to work out the theoretical-methodological and methodical aspects of their exploration and complex estimation. Taking into account such credence, the essence of landscape-hydrological analysis of the territory as one of the main methodical instrument of constructive-geographical researches is described in the article. The natural complex (geocomplex/landscape) of the rivers basin is defined as the key object of landscape-hydrological analysis and imagine as the area with definite state of water source where the process of water run-off formation takes place. The subject of research is mechanisms of forming and water displacement as the landscape component, or, by other words, hydrofunctioning. As the key tasks of landscape-hydrological analysis could be mention the hydrological features of natural complexes cognition, single out the landscape-hydrological systems (basins landscape systems) as an element of landscape and hydrological territory structure, landscape-hydrological mapping and distinguishing typological units analysis. The landscape-hydrological system (basin landscape system) is described as the part of earth surface where the interaction between hydrological processes and natural (landscapes) structures has local specificity that caused by one or several factors according to the spatial systems hierarchy. The conceptual basis of constructive-hydrological analysis of landscape structure of the territory directed to landscape planning tools implementation and landscape-planning actions elaboration at the regional and local levels is formed by the key geosystem approaches and principles, especially: zonal-azonal multiple-factor principle, basins principle, structural-hydrological, classification and mapping principles. The research process of landscape-hydrological structure of the territory includes a diversity of methodical procedures.